Karan Sekhri – Uttarayana refers to the six month period between the Winter Solstice (December 22) and Summer Solstice (June 21). The Sanskrit word ‘Ayana’ means movement towards and ‘Uttara’ means north. The Sun reaches maximum south declination on 21st December and starts its journey towards the north on 22nd December. The days start getting longer and the nights shorter. Sometimes the Uttarayana is referred to the period between Makar Sakranti and Karka Sakranti.

Dakshinayana, on the other hand, refers to the six month period from June 21 to December 22. On reaching the maximum northern declination on June 21, the Sun again starts its course of journey towards the south or ‘dakshina’. The days start to shorten and the nights tend to become longer. The holy shastras characterize Uttarayana the period of positivity and healthy living whereas the Dakshinayana is considered to be the symbol of negativity. Worships, havans and yagyas performed at the right time during these periods as believed to be of immense religious values. Charity and donation at this time is also considered extremely benefiting  Activities like havans, marriages, mundans, austerities etc. are performed during Uttarayana. The sky also remains mostly clear during this phase. Dakshinayana comprises of autumn, monsoon and winter and the sky also is filled with clouds. According to the Mahabharata, Bheeshma Pitamaha was blessed to choose his time of death and he chose the day of Uttaraya when the Sun begins its journey to the north to die and leave for heaven. It is also believed that the Goddess Ganga reached the earth from heaven on this day which increases the importance of Magha bath.

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